A Newbie's Introduction to the Currency Markets - 2

The Forex market is used to trade one currencyposition).
against another. The professionals refer to this asMany speculators are day traders, meaning that they
foreign exchange, more commonly referred to asset out to take advantage of regular market
Forex or FX trading. This is an international marketmovements over very short time periods, often
covering the entire planet, and has no specific centralbuying a currency and then selling it again very soon
exchange, unlike all the other financial market you canafterwards (sometimes in just a few seconds).
think of. It is also the biggest markets you canUntil a few years ago the Forex market was very
imagine, with almost 2 trillion dollars changing handsdifficult if not impossible to enter for an individual
daily (that's an awful lot of zeros))trader, because of the huge investment and very
Why do we need a Currency Exchange? Well, Anexpensive facilities needed. The market was totally
international currency exchange is necessary in manythe preserve of the big banks and other huge
situations:-institutions.
Consumers will come into contact with a currencyThere has been an explosion in interest in trading the
exchange whenever they travel abroad. They go toForex markets over the last two or three years, as
their bank or a local exchange bureau to convert onesingle individuals have learned that they too can set
currency (usually their home currency) into anotherup and compete on equal terms with the huge
(the currency of the country they intend to visit) sotrading corporations. Individuals working from home,
that they can buy goods or services in that country.using a desktop pc and an internet connection can
Consumers often purchase goods in a foreignnow download the training and expertise they need,
country using their credit cards. They will find thattogether with the trading software and forex data
their credit card company will convert the amountfeeds they also require, and soon be running their
they paid in the foreign currency to their localnew business - often making more money than they
currency, and will appear on their credit cardcould ever have managed if they had been working
statement at the converted rate. Although each suchfor one of those huge corporations referred to
currency exchange is tiny, the sum total of all theearlier (and keeping all of it).
millions of such transactions every day is veryFX Traders are attracted to currency trading for
significant.several reasons, including:-the volatility of the market,
Businesses must convert currencies when theywhich gives them regular opportunities to earn
conduct business outside their own country. Formoney.the enormous liquidity of the markets. Unlike
example, if they export goods to another countrymost other markets, there is just so much money in
and receive payment in that country's currency, thethe system at any one time that it is hard to imagine
payment must be converted back to their owna situation where you could not trade.the currency
home currency. If they import goods or services,exchanges are open 24 hours a day. From Monday
then businesses will often have to pay in a foreignto Friday, 24 hours per day, the market is active and
currency, which requires them to first convert theirmoney can be made.currencies can now be traded
local currency into a foreign currency. Big companieswith no brokerage charges. Nowadays an account
convert huge amounts of currency every year, oftenwith a spread trader can be set up and funded in
tens of billions of dollars. The timing of theseseconds, and the only charge is the spread or
transactions can have a huge effect on their balancedifference between the buying and selling price, which
sheet and overall profits.can be as low as 2 pips (pip is the smallest unit
Commercial and Investment Banks trade currenciestraded, and you can often trade as low as one or
to support their banking processes. They also usetwo dollars per pip).
the currency markets for hedging and tradingVery low entry costs. A newcomer can enter the
purposes.market for as little as the cost of a PC, some training
Governments and central banks trade currencies tobooks, videos and software, probably one or more
improve national trading conditions or to manipulate ortrading systems to get him started, and a datafeed
adjust economic and/or financial imbalances. Althoughto provide instant currency prices (good free ones
they do not take part for speculative reasons theyare available too). Probably less than a thousand
are often very profitable, because they usually tradebucks for a genuine business that (if you are
on a medium to long-term basis.successful) can produce an extremely good lifestyle.
Investors and/or speculators (traders) requireEven lower ongoing costs. No staff, no offices, no
currency exchange whenever they trade a foreignexpensive travel (unless you want to). Costs are
investment, whether it is in equities, bonds, banklimited to broadband running cost, a little electricity,
deposits, or real estate. If a Swiss investor buysand lots of coffee.
shares in an American company on the NASDAQTax-free status. In my country at least (The UK) I
exchange, he must pay for the shares in U.S. Dollars.pay no tax on my trading income. With tax at 40%
He'll probably have to convert Swiss francs to U.S.on earned income here, this means that instead of
Dollars to complete the deal. Similarly, an English realgetting just 60 bucks out of every 100 bucks I earn,
estate investor selling a New York property will needI keep the lot. And this equates to around 66%
to convert the proceeds of the sale from U.S. Dollarsextra income (60 x 1.66 = 100). Now that's an
to British Pounds.incentive!
Because the value of a currency continuously variesSo if you are thinking of trading as a way of earning
against all the other currencies, investors and tradersan online income, I say, come on in, the water's
can trade these currencies directly in order to profitlovely. And if you are thinking that maybe you aren't
from their movements. For example, if an Englishcut out for this sort of thing - no math qualifications,
investor has an opinion that the Japanese economy isno talent with numbers, I say rubbish!
strengthening and expects the Yen to rise in valueIt will cost you very little to find out if you are cut
(i.e., go up relative to other currencies including theout for a trading life or not, certainly less than getting
pound), then he will want to buy Japanese Yen,into internet marketing or establishing an offline
taking what traders refer to as a long positionbusiness only to find you don't like it or can't cut it.
(expecting a rise). Similarly, if an American investorYou could even surprise yourself.
believes that the Euro is about to go down, he maySome of the very best traders I know are really
sell the Euro to take a short position (expecting aaverage, self-taught folk who didn't think for a single
decrease in value). To square his position and get outmoment that they could handle forex trading. Oh,
of the trade, he will later buy the euros he soldand many of them are women!
earlier, but at a much lower price. Therein lies hisThis is the first of a short series of articles aimed at
profit. Importantly, investors and traders can profitintroducing newcomers to internet-based forex
whether currencies becoming stronger (by taking atrading. The follow-on articles will be launched at
long position) or get weaker (by taking a shortregular intervals.