Single-source Documentation - Docbook Versus DITA

When it comes to documentation projects, primarilywith as is
technical, medical, and scientific, using XML is aDITA: bat, bin, dtd, etc. files, and transformation
no-brainer. The heavy thinking comes when decidingengine
which flavor of XML to use: DocBook or DITA6. Document File
(Darwin Information Typing Architecture). I haveDocbook: regular XML file called an include file with all
been a steadfast supporter of DocBook for over sixfiles included in the document
years. I'd tried my hand at DITA and gave it up as aDITA: ditamap file with all files and each file's related
fad; lots of bells and whistles, but too complicated tolinks
integrate. And couldn't DocBook do everything DITA7. Output
promised anyway?Docbook: PDF, HTML, HTMLHelp
So when Allette Systems contacted me to speak onDITA: unrestricted, but all need development
XML standards in SydneyAustralia, I jumped at the8. Community
chance to prove to the documentation world justDocbook: well supported by the XML community
how wonderful DocBook is and how DITA falls short.DITA: small but strong, growing community
Fortunately, my in-depth research opened my eyes9. Complexity
to the benefits and limitations of both.Docbook: with a little development, DocBook can do
In a nutshell, DocBook has the advantage of age; it'swhat DITA is attempting on a smaller scale
stable, easy to setup, and created for technicalDITA is impressively engineered, but can be too
documentation publications. While DITA has theindustrial-strength
advantage of youth; it's innovative, complete with its10. Possible Needs
own architecture, and created for documentationDocbook: Content Management System
outside the book. DocBook was hatched in 1991 byDITA: Publishing plug-ins
HaL computer Systems and O'Reilly. In 1998, OasisDocBook is well supported, easy to integrate, and
gave DocBook its own technical community. A yeartailored to technical documentation needs. DITA has
later, DITA began evolving from cross-departmenta highly technical, innovative community, can (with
teams within IBM. Its Oasis technical community wasdevelopment) publish to all online formats, and comes
established in 2004.with its own architecture (content management).
My research and experimentation with these twoSo how do you decide? Well, the good news is
standards is summarized in the following table.DocBook and DITA are quite similar in basic elemental
1. Definitionsparts and XML tags. For example, DocBook is built on
DocBook is a document type definition (DTD) forsections, which can be compared to DITA's topics, as
writing technical books and articles, with the structureshown in the figure below (see image at
that such forms imply.Why is this good news? Because smaller companies,
DITA is both a DTD and a set of rules for writingor those new to XML, you start with DocBook and
online contextual documentation such as softwaregraduate to DITA when and if needed.
help files.Online communities (Oasis Open Document) and
2. Conceptscompanies (Flatiron Solutions) are already attempting
DocBook is hierarchical by nature, and must beto facilitate compatibility between these two
developed to allow for single-sourced contentstandards.
DocBook has a fixed element and attribute set.The table below may help you decided which
DITA separates content from context, allowingstandard is right for you and your company today.
multiple architectures of information DITA is1. Documentation volume
extensible, allowing the definition of information typesDocbook: small and medium
3.ContextDITA: large
Docbook: book (section) oriented2. Documentation output
DITA: topic orientedDocbook: PDF, HTML, HTMLHelp, others with
4. Key Featuresdevelopment
Docbook: large set of elements and attributesDITA: all with development
targeted for technical documentation3. Basic integration time frame (no conversion)
DITA: topic based, separation of content andDocbook: one business day
context, specializationDITA: one month plus
5. Download and Installation4.
Docbook: bat, bin, dtd, etc. files and eDE able to run