Part Ii: on Selecting Software (how to Do it Right the First Time)

How do you choose software that’s just rightis, there are bound to be times when one can’t
for your company’s use? What are the thingsfind out how to work a particular feature or a glitch
that you should include in your checklist? Take acrops up. Hence quality of support services is very
closer look at these guidelines:important.
Key Selection Criteria in Detail:Some software solutions may require you to hire
1) Company History & Experiencededicated support staff of your own, while with
How Long Have They Been Around?others company support suffices. The cost of hiring
Company background is essential because unlike bricksupport staff needs to be factored into the buying
and mortar companies, software companies aredecision
often small, and even beyond national boundaries.Provider support may be in the form of human help,
Since often these companies will be handling sensitivei.e., customer care executives who promptly (or not)
data related to your company, one needs to beattend to your problems. Here also the level of
doubly sure. Law hasn’t quite been able to pinquality in terms of helpfulness of solution provided,
down the particularities of the software industry, andavailability and conduct of support executives
in case of misdemeanor, it would be harder to holdmatters.
such a company accountable.Support can also be in the form of an extensively
One can safely assume that past records are a gooddocumented help engine, or extensive help
indicator of future performance. Therefore it is ainformation on the company site, which provides
must that some time be put in researching thesolutions to almost all of the questions you could
company before one even goes on to consider thepossibly have. This form of support is often more
software itself.efficient than the human version.
There are a few things that need to be checked.Training
How long have they been around? Are theyTraining is another form of support which deserves
registered? How long have they been in the field? Forspecial mention. Some companies offer free training
example if they’re offering businessseminars (online and offline) to help customers get up
communication software, have they been in thisto speed with using a software. This greatly helps in
industry long enough to know it well? How long havegetting started with a new software. In other cases
they been in their current business? Even if thethe software might not warrant much specialized
software is new, do they have experiencetraining at all. In some cases the company might
developing related softwares?offer paid training, which might be essential and
What is Their Niche?whose cost needs to be factored into the purchase
Another very important factor about thedecision.
company’s history is the niche it has experienceMaintenance
in serving. Does the company know your niche wellMaintenance costs and efforts have a major impact
enough to know your needs? If you are a small toon the performance and adoptability of a software,
mid sized business, it is unlikely a company servingand hence should form important criteria of the
the Fortune 500 will offer you the best solution. Ifbuying decision. In case the software is hosted at the
you work from home, it is unlikely a solution servingcompany’s end, it is of utmost importance of
large offices will meet your needs.the customer that the software be available online at
The Ultimate Testament – The Customerall times, or the “uptime”. Uptimes are
The ultimate judge of a software are its users. Tocovered under the “service level agreement”
get a true picture of a software’s workings, it iswhen you purchase a software and range from 98%
important to look at how customers are using it andto 99.99%. A minimum uptime of 99% is what one
what their comments are. It may entail looking at themust look for.
site to see if they include a client’s list or page. IfIt is also important how much upkeep a software
the list exists, is extensive and includes recognizablerequires. Will specialized staff need to be hired to
names, that is usually a good sign. Customermaintain and run the software? Or is it low
testimonials on the site are a good indicator of itsmaintenance or maintenance free?
performance, and one could also take the initiative ofThe company’s upkeep is also important. Efforts
getting in touch with the customers oneself andto constantly improve upon the software underline a
seeking comments.commitment to providing you quality service. Are
Dangersbugs fixed promptly and on an ongoing basis? Are
There are certain things with the software industrythey just releasing a software and not updating it?
that a buyer should be wary of. Because of theOne should develop a habit of keeping up with the
lower entry and exit costs, software startups arecompany newsletter, new release notes or the
known to have shorter live spans than traditional“what’s new” section on their site.
companies. Lots of these companies are known toPeriodic newsletters and a “what’s new”
ride high on the success wave when the industry issection (which keeps getting updated) are indicative
doing well and go “pop” when the industryof a dynamic company constantly looking to improve.
bubble bursts. This was well exemplified by the .com4) Familiarity
bubble burst of 2000, when many softwareThe “feel” of the software is another
companies disappeared without a trace.important criterion. Us software users are habituated
It is debatable whether the current spate ofcreatures for whom changing a software is as
“web 2.0” companies also constitute anotherdifficult as changing our favorite coffee or
expanding buddle which will inevitably burst, but itnewspaper. The software should keep with the basic
makes sense that the buyer be wary and bet theirlayout and navigation schemes we are used to. This
money with dependable companies with proven trackmakes for quicker transition.
records.One good way is to compare with the OS in which
2) Costwe would use the software. Does it have the same
There’s no denying the importance of cost inbasic schema as the OS environment? A software
buying decisions across the board. Yet the issue ofwith Mac schema on Windows wouldn’t sit that
cost should be seen in a broad perspective, becausewell. Another way could be to compare with other
low entry costs may result in higher costs along thesoftwares which we are used to. If you are
product’s life or higher overall costs for theswitching from an expensive software to a cheaper
company.one, choosing a software with a similar “feel”
Features vs. Pricewould make sense. Does it retain most of the main
A cost benefit analysis makes sense, as opposed tofeatures you are used to? Is it easy to get to those
only considering costs. The costs need to be seen infeatures?
light of the range of features and functionalities the5) Security
product provides. An online document managementSecurity is a top consideration because in many cases
system may not be the lowest priced in the market,the software company will be handling information
but it may also allow you the capabilities of setting upcritical to us – business, financial or personal data.
a virtual office.We need to be triply assured that the sanctity of
A decision point is whether one wants to keep theour data will be preserved and there are no risks of
budget down and buy a product with most of theit being lost or falling into wrong hands. This factor
main features, or willing to shell out extra money forrequires some research on the client data handling
the entire feature set. As costs go down, one willsystems and practices of the software provider.
have to make some compromises on the features,What safety features does the provider have?
but good research can reveal products which offer aData encryption is the practice followed by warring
very good cost to feature ratio.sides during WW2 to protect the secrecy of their
Needs vs. Pricemessages. It is now used by most companies follow
Another question which arises is whether there is anto protect the integrity of their clients’
overlap between features and needs at all. Many ofinformation. Encryption is the process of coding
the features may not relate to needs which wereinformation so that it is unreadable by anybody but
sought to be addressed at all.those who have the key. There are different types
To retain objectivity one can clearly define onesof encryption, each of which is associated with a
needs, and accordingly classify features asdifferent level of security. DAS is one level, which
“needed features” and “features notwas previously used extensively but is now known
needed”. It is possible that all features may notto have vulnerabilities. 128 bit encryption is offered by
fit nicely into this scheme as certain features maycompanies offering top notch security.
not be absolutely essential, but would be valuable still.Password protection is another important facet of
Another possible scheme of classifying features couldsecurity. What is the strength of the software to
be “must have”, “nice to have”, andwithstand manual and automated attempts to hack
“future requirements” (relating to featuresyour password and access your information? The
that do not serve an immediate need but would inability of the system to accurately detect a hacking
the future)attempt and lock up in time is important.
Armed with this objective information, one would beData Backup
in a better position to assess various softwareIn extreme cases of system breakdown caused by a
solutions priced differently & offering differentfacility fire, natural disaster or technical glitch etc, it is
feature sets. A word of caution, purchasers oftenimportant that your data is frequently and adequately
tend to go for products with loads of features, butbacked up and not stored at a single facility. Good
never get around to using half of them. Thiscompany data backup practices ensure that even if
represents wasted expenditure, so it is important toyour local computer crashes, your data is safe and
analyze all features in light of needs.accessible through the software.
3) Ease of Use/AdoptionCertain factors are to be considered in backup
A learning and adoption curve is involved with everypractices. The first is the frequency of backups. If
new software purchase as it needs to be integratedthere is a long gap, there is a possibility of data being
with current systems or other softwares and thelost in intermittent periods. Secondly, what are the
end users have to be brought up to speed using it. Ifsecurity arrangements at the facilities where your
the software is chunky and too complex, one can bedata resides? Is it manned and guarded by security
sure of adoption resistance.personnel? What other systems are in place to
Ease of Useprotect the data? Is there a good firewall? What is
The software should have an intuitive interface, andthe protection against virus attacks? What
use of features should be pretty much self evident.procedures are in place for disaster management?
The shorter the learning curve training a new user,All this requires research, and the extensiveness of
the better. Solutions which are too complex or havethe research depends on the sensitivity of the data
crudely designed interfaces are major turnoffs forwe will be entrusting the software provider with. A
users.personal mail program does not require the same kind
The software should have the ability to easily fit intoof security as softwares handling banking or business
the existing workflow and IT systems. It may ofteninformation.
be necessary for the new software to communicateTrack Record
with established systems. Web-based softwares areAs with company background, a little research on the
a good example of softwares which nicely fit intosecurity track record makes sense. Has the company
diverse systems with minimum friction, because theyever been vulnerable to attacks before? What were
need no elaborate implementation at the customersthe losses? How did the company react? How many
end and can be run from simply a web browser.years has the company had a good record. New
Adoptioncompanies will most likely have a clean record, but
To get a measure of “shelfware”, i.e.,that isn’t necessarily indicative of good security
softwares which are purchased but never used, onepractices.
just needs to look at the statistics. Some studies pegThe Server System
the number of content management solutions whichThe server system where the sensitive data actually
are shelved at 20-25%. At around a million dollars anlies is very important. This information will mostly be
implementation, this is really pretty expensiveavailable in the terms of agreement. Is it
shelfware! According to another study, 22% ofstate-of-the-art? Is it in step with the latest in the
purchased ERP licenses are not being used, inmarket?
U.S.-based companies.The server infrastructure could be owned by the
No doubt, “Shelfware” is a result of illsoftware provider themselves or outsourced to a
thought to purchase decisions. These studies merelydedicated national network providing hosting solutions.
underline the importance of making an educatedOutsourced hosting is a good thing because
purchase lest the money is not spent on softwarededicated hosting companies have extensive
that does little more than cooling its heels on anexpertise and infrastructure in protecting data, often
office shelf. One possible way to protect againsthandling critical data of Fortune 500 companies. This
shelfware is the new concept of “pay as youfrees up the software provider to concentrate on
go” hosted solutions. The software is hostedthe software itself.
with company itself, and buyers merely have to payThe company might not have an elaborate setup at
a monthly subscription rate, which can be opted outall, running the software and processing data through
in case the customer realizes that the software iscomputers set up in the garage somewhere acting as
not compatible with his business.servers. This should get your alarm bells ringing! The
Supportsafety of your data could well depend on a baseball
No matter how easy to use or intuitive a softwareflying through the door.