| Introduction: | | | | dynamic, and Internet-scale solutions. An Internet |
| In traditional network diagram, the cloud always | | | | operating system offers the scale and services |
| represented a fairly static view of an intermediary | | | | required to meet the requirements of a dynamic, |
| virtual area on the Internet. It basically had no real | | | | global, software application. |
| function other than passing data from one point to | | | | In an infrastructure cloud environment, the situation is |
| the other between servers on the Internet and client | | | | radically different. Our data and processing power can |
| where we cloud setup our applications to run | | | | get moved at win from location to location, possibly |
| The cloud computing model changes this slightly. | | | | with varying levels of physical access controls. The |
| Instead of providing just a medium for messages to | | | | underlying virtualization system of some infrastructure |
| pass through between clients and severs, it tries to | | | | cloud providers may not yet be capable of providing |
| provide a number of services within the Internet | | | | strong assurances that virtual machines sharing a |
| "cloud" itself. These services can range from storage, | | | | hyper visior are in fact separated and immune from |
| computation, applications and even complete | | | | attack. Cloud providers-in particular, the infrastructure |
| operating systems. All available as a service on the | | | | variety-tend to be opaque computing services |
| Internet which you can go ahead and use directly. | | | | offering little visibility into their underlying architectures |
| The "Software_as_a_Servic" or SaaS concept is one | | | | and technologies. |
| of the major diving forces of cloud computing along | | | | Cloud computing is the natural evolution of the |
| with other concepts such as Web2.0, the web | | | | application service provider (ASP) from the late |
| browser and mobile applications. | | | | nineties and software as a service (SaaS) strategies |
| Objective of the Study: | | | | from more recent year. Vendors that provide cloud |
| 1. Purpose of the study is to virtualization of the | | | | computing services supply the data centers required |
| environment. | | | | to host virtualized environments for their customers. |
| 2. Less expensive in context to server maintenance. | | | | Business no longer need the same capital expenditure |
| 3. According to demand provide the application | | | | to up and running and they can buy additional cloud |
| services and others. | | | | computing resources on demand to meet the |
| Methodology: | | | | requirements of increased server load or peak |
| In this paper relevant literature, information and data | | | | periods in their business. |
| have been used from the published books, magazines | | | | Getting into the cloud: |
| like PCQuest, DeveloperIQ, Computer Today, | | | | Currently we can create cloud applications through |
| InformationWeek, relevant web sites etc. | | | | two major implementations: |
| Text: | | | | 1- Amazon |
| We can't turn around these days without hearing | | | | 2- Google |
| "Cloud Computing". So what is cloud computing? Is it | | | | Amazon: |
| the same old stuff with a new wrapper? Cloud | | | | Amazon has a number of cloud offering. The Amazon |
| computing is a development model leveraged by IT | | | | EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is an offering that allows |
| to reduce infrastructure costs and/or address | | | | users to request "virtual machines" in the cloud. Once |
| capacity/scalability concerns. It is the infrastructure | | | | the request is met, the user can "provision" these |
| and model of deployment. Cloud computing is about | | | | virtual cloud servers to run any software they want. |
| how an application or service is deployed and | | | | This is completely dynamic in the sense that the user |
| delivered. Cloud computing is a deployment model | | | | has control over how many virtual instances he |
| leveraging on demand computing to scale and serve | | | | wants to provision and run at a particular point in |
| applications through a shared resource model. | | | | time. The servers can run anything from OpenSolaris, |
| Are there different types of clouds? Yes, there are. | | | | Linux to Windows Server 2003. |
| There are public clouds like Amazon and Microsoft, | | | | Other services that Amazon has include S3 (Simple |
| and there are going to be private clouds as well. | | | | storage service)- a service that lets users or |
| Because cloud computing is concerned with how | | | | applications use unlimited storage for their files and |
| applications and infrastructure resources are | | | | SimpleDB a distributed database system that can be |
| provisioned and delivered, location is really irrelevant in | | | | used in conjunction with S3 and EC2. All of these |
| determining whether an architecture is or is not a | | | | services are available through programming models to |
| cloud. | | | | enable end users the ability to use them in their own |
| There is also differentiation between cloud models; | | | | applications as well. |
| some are based heavily in virtualization and we | | | | Google: |
| deploy applications by pushing a virtual image of our | | | | Google provides two different sets of services in the |
| applications and its environment into the cloud using | | | | cloud computing world. the first is the famous Google |
| web services. Other provides platforms upon which | | | | Apps- a combination of services that users can use |
| we develop the application and which are then | | | | as part of their own domain to enable common |
| packaged up and provisioned on demand through the | | | | functionality. The different parts of the Google |
| provider's custom environment. | | | | network- Gmail, Calendar, Talk, Sites and Docs- are |
| Scalability is an issue in all kinds of software | | | | combined into a packaged offering that users can |
| development and computing. Dose this include cloud | | | | subscribe to in an enterprise. This enables users to |
| computing? Absolutely, there are basically two | | | | have their organization's data stored up in Google's |
| different kind of scalability such as horizontal and | | | | "cloud" and make it accessible almost anywhere. |
| vertical. Horizontal scalability means the application can | | | | The other service that Google offers is the App |
| serve many concurrent users, which is easy and one | | | | engine. This is an online application frame work where |
| of the benefits of cloud computing. That's the job of | | | | users can host their own applications. However, the |
| load balancing and application delivery solutions and | | | | Google App Engine only supports a limited version of |
| should be taken care of by the cloud. Then there is | | | | python as their programming frame work. It also has |
| vertical scalability, which means that the application | | | | a database like construct with an SQL like language |
| continues to perform consistently as load increases, | | | | to be able to use to program applications. |
| and that is just note something the cloud provides. | | | | Conclusion: |
| What about security when it comes to cloud | | | | There are many other companies in this playing field |
| computing? Secure cording is an absolute requirement | | | | as well-IBM, HP, Sales Force-to name just a few, |
| for cloud computing, as is a wide variety of | | | | who are heavily investing in this model of computing. |
| application and network layer security in the cloud | | | | Since cloud computing reduces the infrastructure |
| computing infrastructure. Secure coding practice are | | | | requirements and budgets that an enterprise needs |
| the best way to prevent exploits of application logic | | | | to host their applications or data, this model seems |
| and unauthorized access while firewalls, web | | | | to be getting more popular. One doesn't need to |
| application firewalls, network(IP) and transport | | | | worry about purchasing and provisioning hardware |
| layer(TCP) security solutions are all necessary to | | | | and software integrating it into the network and |
| prevent as many attacks as possible from | | | | other headaches. Simply request the service or |
| penetrating the outer rim of the cloud. Secure | | | | update we want and it gets done for us |
| remote access to applications and services in the | | | | transparently. Cloud computing can help us or at least |
| cloud, allowing for more sensitive applications to | | | | manage our infrastructure costs better and allow |
| execute in the cloud and be accessed from | | | | availability of our application and data over the |
| anywhere while protecting the communication. | | | | Internet. However, one must be able to ensure that |
| Cloud computing offers virtually unlimited, on demand | | | | data is available anytime one needs it and having |
| computing resources. Our applications now live in a | | | | good software and a seamless connectivity to the |
| new platform- a computing cloud. In the cloud, our | | | | service is essential in this regard. |
| applications take advantages of the seemingly | | | | References and Bibliography: |
| limitless processor cycles, memory storage, and | | | | 1. InformationWeek Published from United Business |
| network bandwidth along with extensive software | | | | Media |
| capabilities. Our applications only pay for what they | | | | 2. Dr. Dobb's Published from United Business Media |
| use. Cloud computing offers a range of application | | | | 3. PCQuest, Published from Mumbai |
| services that from a new platform-an Internet | | | | 4. DeveloperIQ, Published from New Delhi |
| operating system suitable for cost effective, | | | | 5. |