The Four Factors Driving Virtualization

With a management consulting background, I have2009. Today more than 25% of the population of
seen so many fads sweep through businessour planet use the Internet. And it is going to further
communities both here in the US and abroad that Iexpand.
can be as skeptical as the next person when itVirtualization technology is a sound and cost-effective
comes to the latest and greatest thing grabbing sosolution to this problem. It makes it possible to host
much attention. I approached virtualization with amultiple guest systems on a single physical server and
squinted eye, did a lot of homework, and came tosaves money for a company by not having to
the conclusion that, although virtualization is not rightsecure as much real estate or as many machines in
for everyone, it has substantial merit and is farorder to store all their information. It is a HUGE
beyond being the latest gimmick. This particularbenefit.
technological breakthrough has received global3. Significantly rising energy costs
endorsements from the true movers and shakers inThe cost of electrical power to run a business has
the IT world who certainly do not agree ondramatically increased over the years. A company's
everything - HP, Microsoft, IBM, Dell, EMC, not toIT infrastructure greatly contributes to that number.
mention major analyst firms. What are the factorsWhen you think of the electricity required to power
that are driving virtualization to the forefront?a computer in each workstation, multiple servers,
1. Hardware underutilizationappliances and peripherals, plus air conditioning to
Processing power has been approximately doublingkeep those servers cooled down, compounded by
every 18 months and there are no signs of thisthe number of servers required to satisfy the "one
changing any time soon. In fact, I predict that 25application, one server" rule, it is relatively elementary
years from now, the realities of processing power willmath to see the impact of that infrastructure on a
seem science fictional when compared to our currentcompany's energy bill.
processing power. I remember the first computer IVirtualization technology offers a sound and
bought in 1990. The reality of processing powercost-effective solution to this problem. Heck, Pacific
today was science fiction in 1990. There isn't anyGas & Electric has even introduced a virtualization
CPU from 1990 that could crunch through anyrebate program.
application on my computer today. Currently, we can4. The rising costs in administering IT systems
run software without tapping into very much CPUEven one computer requires someone to look after
usage.it, even if it is just the user. A computer doesn't just
We are now utilizing only a fraction of a processor'stake care of itself. It has to be started, sometimes
full capacity (Microsoft estimates this fraction to berestarted, made secure, defragmented, optimized,
10 to 15 percent). This means that computing powercleaned, etc. In a network of computers someone is
is being wasted, especially in data centers, where 85going to be forced to wear an additional hat called IT
to 90 percent of the servers go unused. Despite thisAdministrator and handle what can be handled with
waste, the servers continue to require power and airvery limited technical expertise and call an expert
conditioning. That translates into a waste ofwhen expert handling is required. A tiny company
corporate funds.usually operates at a break-and-fix level with fingers
This problem is compounded by the fact that incrossed in hopes of not having to spend anything to
traditional computing, IT has been limited to "onesimply keep all those machines running. But if that tiny
application, one server" causing the purchase ofcompany wants to survive for a period of years, it
additional machines for additional applications while themust expand. And expansion requires an expansion
machines that already exist continue to beof that patchwork quilt called an IT infrastructure. At
underutilized.some point a single-hatted IT Administrator must be
Virtualization technology has broken through the "onehired, then another and another.
application, one server" barrier and made it possibleSystem administration is a labor intensive job. I once
to consolidate multiple applications onto one machine.consulted the US office of a software company. The
This is a sound and cost-effective solution to theoffice had a total of 90 employees with 4 of those
problem.dedicated to system administration. That consisted of
2. Server sprawl causing data centers to run out ofmonitoring hardware status, replacing defective
spacehardware components, installing OS and application
A whole heck of a lot of servers have beensoftware, installing software patches, updating
purchased and put to use since 1990. In fact, it hassoftware applications, monitoring critical server
dramatically escalated since 2000. Why? There hasresources such as memory and disk use, and backing
been an explosion of data requiring new ways toup server data to other storage mediums for
store all that data. Bernard Golden, MBA, states, "Insecurity and redundancy purposes.
2003 the world's computer users created and storedSystem administrators do not come for a song
5 exabytes (each exabyte is 1 million terabytes) ofeither. The four IT people working in that US office
new data. A recent study by the Enterprise Strategycost the company around $250,000 per year. So at a
Group predicted that governments and corporationscertain point of expansion, the cost for all this
will store over 25 exabytes of data by the yearadministration becomes significant.
2010." Let me break that down even further: 1And while virtualization technology will never eliminate
exabyte = 1 million terabytes; 1 terabyte = 1,024the need for system administration, it can be
gigabytes; 1 gigabyte = 1,024 megabytes; 1effective in lowering its cost by reducing the amount
megabyte = 1,048,576 bytes; 1 byte = 8 bits = 1of system admin work necessary for hardware. One
keystroke.would still need system admin work for the guest
The Internet has certainly contributed to theOSes in a virtualized environment. This translates into
problem. In September 2009 there wereless IT personnel required while at the same time
1,733,993,741 worldwide Internet users. Thismaking an improvement in the system administration
represents a 380.3% growth between 2000 andoverall.