What is Cloud Computing? 10 Defining Points

This seems like an odd question to ask since youdistinct from the typical IT network. In other words
probably already have some concept of "the cloud."within "the cloud" there is an architectural attempt to
However, given some of the conversations I havebuild for scale. Most cloud offerings are going to be
been having recently, I think there's a good deal ofbased upon scalability. The truth is that if you plan to
cloudy thinking about cloud computing.have a very large data center and you organize its
So here is the gist of what the cloud is (imho)use so that most of the workloads are very similar,
summed up for you in a set of bullet points:or better, identical, then you will achieve significant
economies of scale. You will then be able to offer
1. "Cloud Computing" is currently a marketing term.the service at prices that undercut the customer's
And that's why I'm writing this; to divorce the use ofcosts of running the application in-house. The more
Cloud Computing, the marketing term, from the usecustomers you achieve the better the cost
of Cloud Computing as an architectural idea. Marketingadvantage.
terms don't have to conform to precise definition.6. Cloud Computing Is Not Outsourcing The typical
They get used, then abused, then severely exploitedcorporate data center is not a cloud and will never
and finally, as their bandwagon grinds to a halt, theybecome one. Its workloads are mixed the platforms
get pitched onto the sorry stack of broken buzzthey run on are mixed - the whole technology stack
words. That's what happened to "eBusiness", "Webis mixed. That means you cannot transform the
Services", "On Demand" and so on. Until the recessionwhole data center into a cloud operation. However,
began in earnest Cloud Computing was a reasonablyyou can outsource it.
sane marketing term. That's now changing because,7. Are There Any Clouds Computing Standards? Not
in the minds of the IT audience, the cost of cloudreally, or perhaps better to say "not yet." In general
computing is lower. That makes cloud the hype-wordcloud computing infrastructure is built on servers that
du jour.employ virtualization technology to deliver efficient
2. Cloud Computing is NOT SaaS (Software As Aresource utilization and typically, abide by open
Service). I'm making this point because somestandards and, for the sake of economy, use open
commentators have been equating these two ideassource software extensively. There is an organization
as if they were identical. SaaS is healthy terminology.formed by a group of universities, called the Open
SaaS is out-hosted software that you can accessCloud Consortium (OCC), which is promoting open
directly. Although you might not think of it as such,frameworks that will let clouds operated by different
your electronic banking capability is SaaS - you justorganizations work together seamlessly.
don't pay for it directly. As such electronic banking is8. Is there Such A Thing As An Internal Cloud? Again,
no different to Zoho or Google Apps. However,not really, or perhaps better said "not yet." There is
electronic banking is definitely not Cloud Computing,sense in organizations creating "domains" within their
no matter how much you stretch the definition.own networks that are built on cloud-type
3. Cloud Computing Is Not About Emulating Google Itarchitectures, especially if they have applications that
looks suspiciously like the initial enthusiasm for cloudmay need to scale over time. If cloud standards
computing as a technology strategy was promptedexisted then such domains could be thought of as
by Google envy. Google was doing somethingInternal Clouds. They would become staging areas
unprecedented in building huge data centers tofor possibly moving internal applications into the cloud,
support its business. It was clearly a fact thator if the organization has its own software that it
Google's operation was highly efficient and someintends to offer as a service, then such a domain
CIOs mused about whether they could emulatecould become the platform for providing that service.
Google. Actually there was no chance, because9. Is Cloud Computing Anything To Do With Web
Google's business was defined by just two2.0? No nothing at all. But you can make the
uncommon transactions: searching the web andconnection if you want to. Many web sites that are
placing adverts. Google designed a huge massivelysaid to be Web 2.0, primarily because they are social
parallel operation using computer servers andnetworking sites, have had to scale up dramatically
switches they built themselves within an architecturewhen their user population shot into the millions.
that was optimized for precisely that workload. YouBecause of that they have had to adopt highly
can't emulate that unless, like some social networkingscalable architectures (or die). Because they have
sites, you have a small variety but very largesuch architectures they may be in a good position to
numbers of transactions. As you might expect, someoffer some services to users in the manner of cloud
social networking sites have emulated Google.computing.
4. Cloud Computing Is About Technology Stacks10. Do Clouds Offer Guaranteed Service Levels? The
Cloud computing is about technology stacks in theanswer to this is "yes" or at least it should be, and in
same way that the ISP business is about technologythe future it surely will be. We have to exclude free
stacks. In general ISP deliver a consistent service toservices, like Yahoo Mail and many of Google's
the myriads of web sites they host by employing aservices, which can be described as Cloud Computing
standard technology stack, most commonly, thefrom most perspectives, because a free service is
LAMP (Linux Apache, MySQL, PHP) stack. This meansnever going to offer guarantees (even if it makes an
that management effort is minimal because everyoneexcellent living from adverts.) But Cloud Computing
is running the same application (a web site) with thewill ultimately be defined, from the user's perspective,
same technolgy (LAMP) and, where customers doby service levels and the nature of the service itself.
have problems, they will normally be the same issuesIf Cloud Computing Services are well defined in that
cropping up time and again.way, then it becomes possible to compare such
5. Cloud Computing Is About Economies of Scale Theservices with the cost of providing a similar capability
only thing that everyone seems to agree upon aboutfrom your own data center - as long as the Cloud
Cloud Computing is that it is constructed for scaleComputing provider is transparent in providing details
and that it is hosted on a set of resources that areof the technology that it deploys.